Bharata
Natyam :
It is believed to be india's oldest form of classical dance. This dance
form which is called poetry in motion, has its hoary origins in the natya
sastra written about 4000 b.c. by sage bharatha. This art form grossly
disallows new fangled innovations or gimmicks except in repertoire and forms
of presentation. It was originally known as 'dasi attam,' a temple art
performed by young women called 'devadasis.'
Bharatha natyam is commonly performed by women, but sometimes by men also.
There are strict guidelines laid down regarding every single aspect of the
art including the attributes required in order to be an accomplished dancer.
Chakyarkoothu :
Also called koothu, is one of the oldest classical theatre arts of kerala.
The solo dance is usually presented in the koothambalam of temples to the
accompaniment of the mizhavu and elathalam. The performance begains with an
invocation to the presiding deity of the temple. The narration is enlivened
with the thandava dance movements, gestures and facial expression according
to the guidelines in natya sastra. Koothu is distinct for its comic element
which adds to its dramatic character. Themes are usually from the epics. The
costume is colourful and bizarre with a strange headgear
Kathakali
:
This spectacular classical dance drama of kerala based on the guidelines
laid by sage bharatha's natya sastra, the ancient treatise on dance and
drama, is over 500 years old. This elaborate art form is usually performed
in the evenings and continues up to dawn, and is an integral part of all
temple and cultural festivals in kerala. The costumes and makeup are
ornamental, elaborate and designed to give a superhuman effect. The actors
do not speak or sing but enact the story through mudras (hand gestures),
graceful movements and facial expressions. The themes of this awe inspiring
art are taken from india's rich and colourful mythology. Music is an
essential feature of kathakali, with two vocalists who sing to the
accompaniment of a chengila (gong), elathalam (small cymbals), chenda and
maddalam.
Mohiniyattam :
This classical solo dance form combines the graceful elegance of
bharatanatyam with the vigour and dynamism of kathakali, to create a mood
that is predominantly sringara (erotic). The dance is usually performed on
specially put up stages in connection with temple festivals. The costume is
the traditional white mundu and melmundu of kerala. The hair is gathered and
put up at the side of the head and adorned with jasmine, int the traditional
style.
